ISB Vietnam's skilled software engineers deliver high-quality applications, leveraging their extensive experience in developing financial tools, business management systems, medical technology, and mobile/web platforms.
In late October 2025, Cursor released a new feature called Browser. The browser is now embedded within the editor, featuring powerful new tools for component selection, full developer tools, and MCP controls for agents. Agent in Cursor can use web browser to test web site, audit accessibility, convert designs into code, and more. Automated testing is one of Use cases that we will discuss in this topic.
1. Context
I have a Sign In form and Forgot Password form and I want to create automation test follow case:
Fill out forms with test data.
click through workflows.
test responsive designs.
validate error messages.
and monitor console for JavaScript errors.
Previously, we were required to write test code using frameworks such as Selenium, which made the process of developing automation tests significantly time-consuming. But now with Cursor, we can approach automation testing in a much simpler way.
2. Automation testing with Cursor AI
Agent (Cursor AI) can execute comprehensive test suites and capture screenshots for visual regression testing.
To create automation test follow above request, Simply put, I just need to write a prompt like this:
@browser Fill out forms with test data, click through workflows, test responsive designs, validate error messages, and monitor console for JavaScript errors
You will see Cursor's testing progress, on the right side and the test will be running on the browser.
And testing report as below
3. Security
The browser runs as a secure web view and is controlled by an MCP server running as an extension. Multiple layers of protection safeguard you against unauthorized access and malicious activity. Cursor's Browser integrations have also been audited by numerous external security experts. Detail
4. Conclude
Although using Cursor AI for automation testing takes less time than writing code, but we still need to consider the cost of each AI test run (including re-runs, screen count, models, etc.).
ISB Vietnam's skilled software engineers deliver high-quality applications, leveraging their extensive experience in developing financial tools, business management systems, medical technology, and mobile/web platforms.
The Quality Assurance Representative (QA Rep) holds a uniquely critical position in the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). The organization appoints the QA Rep as an objective and independent consultant to enhance project quality management. Importantly, their primary function remains strictly advisory. This ensures their actions complement—rather than violate—the execution and leadership responsibilities of the Project Manager (PM) and Project Leader (PL). This independence provides the necessary unbiased oversight for proactive quality governance and effective risk mitigation.
🎯 THREE CORE PILLARS OF THE QA REP'S MISSION
The QA Rep's mission is built on continuous engagement, ensuring quality is a structural component, not an afterthought.
1. Strategic Quality Consultation and Advisory
Firstly, the QA Rep engages continuously by participating in key project meetings, including planning sessions, risk reviews, and progress updates. This involvement gives the QA Rep a comprehensive, independent view of the project's operational reality, covering resource allocation, scheduling pressures, and inherent technical risks.
Consequently, the QA Rep acts as an expert advisor. Their consultation focuses on the underlying organizational factors that affect quality, not just testing. For example, they assess the clarity of [Requirements Documentation], highlight ambiguities that might cause rework, or review time estimates for complex features. The QA Rep's goal is to "shift quality left"—intervening early where fixing flaws costs the least. Ultimately, this advisory function ensures the team factors quality into every strategic decision, preventing it from becoming a final checkpoint.
Activity
Key Deliverable
Goal
Meeting Participation
Presence in planning, risk reviews, and progress meetings.
Cultivate comprehensive understanding of current reality (risks, schedule, resource allocation).
Advisory Input
Proactive advice on clarity of requirements and technical risk.
Shift Quality Left (intervening early where the cost of fixing flaws is lowest).
Structural Review
Assess organizational and structural factors impacting quality.
Ensure quality is factored into every strategic decision.
2. Process and Template Compliance
Secondly, the QA Rep enforces Process and Template Compliance. This function verifies the project operates on a foundation of predictability and repeatability, which is crucial for scalable quality.
✅ Systematic Verification: The QA Rep systematically verifies the team's adherence to defined organizational processes and methodologies, such as proper utilization of Sprint planning.
📝 Template Enforcement: They ensure the team consistently uses standardized [Project Templates] for all documentation (requirements, test plans, meeting minutes).
Crucially, the QA Rep generates formal reports on compliance status. Furthermore, they discuss these reports with project leadership, driving organizational discipline and quality metrics. This acts as a mechanism for transparent measurement, not punishment.
3. The Critical Early Warning Mechanism
Finally, the QA Rep serves as the Critical Early Warning Mechanism. The QA Rep is empowered as the project’s vital failsafe and can act instantly when quality threats emerge.
🚨 Proactive Intervention: If the QA Rep perceives a significant threat (e.g., unchecked scope creep, critical resource constraints, or process deviation) at any point, they must intervene.
📧 Formal Escalation: They formally inform the PM and PL of the potential threat and provide suggested resolutions.
This step ensures the communication is strictly delivered via documented channels (email or recorded meeting minutes) to enable prompt corrective action and mitigate project threats.
🔑 CONCLUSION: GUARDIAN OF PROCESS QUALITY
In conclusion, the QA Representative guards process quality. Their objective advisory role fosters transparency, drives organizational discipline, and significantly improves the likelihood of successful, high-quality product delivery. They ensure accountability for quality begins right from the project's inception.
During application development, we often encounter situations where we need to add new functionalities to an existing one. However, doing so can lead to unpredictable errors. This is because when modifying the code of an old function to accommodate a new one, we need to minimize the possibility of the added functionality affecting shared variables.
In this case, you should use the Decorator design pattern to implement the modifications. Simply put, the Decorator pattern allows you to add new behavior to an object without affecting the behavior of other objects within the same class.
1. Problem
Imagine that you have a Customer with a property called Cart and behaviors like AddToCart and CheckOut. In a typical workflow, the user will add products to their Cart and then perform CheckOut. Once the CheckOut information is successful, the order details will be sent to your warehouse for shipping.
However, according to new customer demands, a faster shipping carrier is added. Now, customers can choose between the traditional shipping carrier and the faster one. At this point, you might think of modifying the CheckOut process to add a condition: if the customer selects a different shipping carrier, you will execute a different CheckOut behavior.
But if more shipping carriers are added in the future, managing the code will become increasingly difficult due to the numerous conditions and behaviors being added. Therefore, it's best if these new behaviors are added using a Decorator.
By creating a base decorator class that wraps the Customer object, we can rewrite the CheckOut behavior with the newly added processing while still preserving the original behavior of the Customer object.
2. Usage examples (Decorator Pattern)
I will write a code snippet to illustrate how to use the decorator in the above scenario as follows:
Cart.cs
namespace Decorator
{
public class Cart
{
public List Products { get; private set; } = [];
public void AddProduct(string product)
{
Products.Add(product);
}
public string Details()
{
return string.Join(", ", Products);
}
}
}
Customer.cs
namespace Decorator
{
public abstract class Customer
{
public Cart Cart { get; set; } = new();
public virtual void AddToCart(string product)
{
Cart.AddProduct(product);
}
public abstract void CheckOut();
}
}
DecoratorCustomer.cs
namespace Decorator
{
public abstract class DecoratorCustomer : Customer
{
protected Customer? _customerComponent;
public DecoratorCustomer(Customer customerComponent)
{
_customerComponent = customerComponent;
}
public override void CheckOut()
{
if (_customerComponent != null)
{
_customerComponent.CheckOut();
}
}
}
}
DecoratedCustomer.cs
namespace Decorator
{
public class DecoratedCustomer : DecoratorCustomer
{
private string _deliveryProvider { get; set; } = "Default delivery";
public DecoratedCustomer(Customer customerComponent) : base(customerComponent)
{
}
public void AddDeliveryInfo(string deliveryProvider)
{
_deliveryProvider = deliveryProvider;
}
public override void CheckOut()
{
Console.WriteLine("Delivery information");
// Get delivery time based on the delivery provider
GetDeliveryInfo();
base.CheckOut();
}
private void GetDeliveryInfo()
{
Console.WriteLine($"Delivery provider: {_deliveryProvider}");
if (_deliveryProvider.Contains("Express"))
Console.WriteLine("Delivery time: 1 day");
else
Console.WriteLine("Delivery time: 2-3 days");
}
}
}
ConcreteCustomer.cs
namespace Decorator
{
public class ConcreteCustomer : Customer
{
public override void CheckOut()
{
Console.WriteLine($"Checkout information: {Cart.Details()}");
}
}
}
The result after executing the program is as follows:
As you can see, initially the information checked out only included the Cart details. After being decorated, the checkout process can now output the shipping carrier information as well.
By implementing the above, you can customize the behaviors of an object to suit various use cases while maintaining the stability and integrity of the object. However, I also recognize that a certain level of knowledge is required to apply this architecture effectively because the overall structure can spread the functionality across multiple files, making it more challenging to read and understand. Developers need to carefully consider suitable architectures to apply to their projects to minimize potential errors.
AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner (CLF-C02) - Everything You Need to Know About the Exam Outline
Discover the complete outline of the AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner CLF-C02 exam, including structure, domain weightings, and target candidates. A beginner-friendly guide to preparing for your first AWS certification.
Introduction
Are you interested in cloud computing but don't know where to start? The AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner certification is often the perfect first step into the world of Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud technology. This entry-level certification validates your basic understanding of AWS cloud concepts without requiring any hands-on technical experience or programming skills.
The AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner (CLF-C02) exam is designed for individuals who can demonstrate overall knowledge of the AWS Cloud, regardless of their specific job role. It proves that you understand the fundamental concepts of cloud computing and how AWS can benefit businesses and individuals.
This is the first post in my series about the CLF-C02 exam. Today, we'll focus on the exam outline - giving you a complete overview of what the certification covers, who it's for, and how it's structured. Future posts will dive deeper into each of the four main content areas with more detailed explanations and study tips.
What's New in CLF-C02 vs CLF-C01?
If you've studied for the previous version (CLF-C01), the CLF-C02 has some key updates:
Streamlined content: Removed migration strategies and cloud adoption frameworks (now covered in higher-level exams)
Updated security focus: More emphasis on compliance and modern security tools
Enhanced global infrastructure: Better coverage of Regions, Availability Zones, and edge locations
Current services: Includes newer AWS offerings and pricing models
The CLF-C02 focuses more on core concepts while reducing implementation details.
Overview of the Exam
Who Should Take This Exam?
The AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner exam is targeted at people who have up to 6 months of exposure to AWS Cloud concepts through work, self-study, or casual interaction with cloud technologies. You might be:
Someone just starting their career in cloud computing
Working in IT support or operations with occasional AWS exposure
A business professional who needs to understand cloud basics
A student or career changer exploring cloud technology options
Important Note: This exam does NOT require you to perform technical tasks like coding, designing complex cloud architectures, troubleshooting systems, implementing solutions, or conducting performance testing. It's about understanding concepts, not hands-on skills.
Recommended Knowledge Areas
Before taking the exam, you should be familiar with:
AWS Cloud Concepts - Basic ideas about cloud computing
Security and Compliance in AWS - How AWS handles data protection and regulatory requirements
Core AWS Services - Main offerings for computing, storage, and networking
Economics of the AWS Cloud - Cost structures and financial benefits
Shared Responsibility Model - Understanding the boundaries of responsibility between AWS and customers
Exam Format and Scoring
The CLF-C02 exam consists of 65 questions (50 scored questions and 15 unscored questions that are unmarked and used by AWS for future exam development). You won't know which questions are unscored.
Question Types:
Multiple choice: One correct answer out of four options
Multiple response: Two or more correct answers out of five or more options
You have 90 minutes to complete the exam, and there's no penalty for guessing wrong answers.
Scoring System:
Results are reported as a scaled score from 100-1000
Minimum passing score is 700
The exam uses "compensatory scoring," meaning you don't need to pass each section individually - your overall performance across all questions determines if you pass
Content Structure - The 4 Main Domains
The exam is organized into four content domains, each with a different percentage weighting. This means some areas have more questions than others.
This domain focuses on the fundamental benefits and principles of cloud computing.
Key Topics:
Benefits of AWS Cloud: Understanding advantages like global reach (data centers worldwide), speed of deployment (quick setup), high availability (services stay running), elasticity (scale up/down as needed), and agility (adapt quickly to changes)
Design Principles: Learning about the AWS Well-Architected Framework, which includes six pillars: operational excellence (efficient operations), security (data protection), reliability (consistent performance), performance efficiency (optimal resources), cost optimization (spending wisely), and sustainability (environmental responsibility)
Cloud Economics: Understanding cost differences between traditional on-premises systems (fixed costs) versus cloud (variable costs), licensing options, and benefits like economies of scale (cost savings from large-scale operations)
Domain 2: Security and Compliance (30% of scored content)
Security is one of the largest domains, showing how important it is in cloud computing.
Key Topics:
Shared Responsibility Model: AWS and customers each handle different security aspects. For example, AWS secures the underlying infrastructure, while customers secure their data and applications
Security Concepts: Encryption concepts at a high level (data protection), compliance requirements, and monitoring tools
Access Management: Using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) for user permissions, including high-level understanding of IAM users, groups, roles, and permission policies, plus multi-factor authentication (MFA) for extra security
Domain 3: Cloud Technology and Services (34% of scored content)
This is the largest domain and covers AWS's core offerings.
Key Topics:
Deployment Methods: Using the AWS Management Console (web interface), APIs (programming interfaces), CLI (command-line tools), and infrastructure as code (automated setup)
Global Infrastructure: Understanding Regions (geographic areas), Availability Zones (data centers within regions), Local Zones (extensions of AWS services closer to users for low-latency workloads), and edge locations (content delivery points). Benefits include high availability through multiple Availability Zones, disaster recovery capabilities, and compliance with data sovereignty requirements
Compute Services: Amazon EC2 (virtual servers), container services like Amazon ECS/EKS, serverless computing with AWS Lambda, and auto scaling (automatic resource adjustment)
Network Services: Amazon VPC (virtual private cloud), security groups (firewalls), Amazon Route 53 (DNS service), and connectivity options like AWS VPN
Storage Services: Amazon S3 (object storage), EBS (block storage for servers), EFS (file storage), and lifecycle policies (automatic data management)
Analytics and AI/ML: Basic awareness of services like Amazon QuickSight (data visualization) and Amazon SageMaker (machine learning) - you just need to recognize these at a high level, not detailed usage
Domain 4: Billing, Pricing, and Support (12% of scored content)
This smaller domain covers the business side of AWS.
Key Topics:
Pricing Models: On-Demand (pay as you go), Reserved Instances (discount for long-term commitment), Spot Instances (bid for unused capacity), and Savings Plans (flexible pricing discounts)
Cost Management: Using AWS Cost Explorer (spending analysis), AWS Budgets (spending alerts), and cost allocation tags (tracking expenses by department/project)
Support Options: Different AWS Support plans (Basic, Developer, Business, Enterprise, and Enterprise On-Ramp), AWS Marketplace (third-party tools), and resources like AWS re:Post (community forum) and Trusted Advisor (optimization recommendations)
Preparation Tips
Since this is a foundational certification, you don't need extensive technical experience. Focus on understanding concepts rather than implementation details. Here are some practical CLF-C02 study guide tips:
Official Resources: Start with the free AWS whitepapers, documentation, and AWS Skill Builder training
Official Sample Questions: AWS provides a free set of CLF-C02 practice questions to help you get familiar with the exam format
Practice Exams: Take additional sample questions to build confidence
Hands-On Practice: Use the AWS Free Tier (free services for new users) to experiment
Study Time: Plan for 2-4 weeks of preparation if you're new to cloud concepts
Focus Areas: Pay special attention to the Well-Architected Framework and shared responsibility model - these appear frequently
For more AWS Cloud Practitioner exam tips, check out official AWS training paths and community forums.
Conclusion
The AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner certification provides a solid foundation for anyone interested in cloud computing. With its focus on fundamental concepts across four balanced domains - Cloud Concepts, Security and Compliance, Technology and Services, and Billing and Support - it ensures you understand both the technical and business aspects of AWS.
This certification doesn't require deep technical skills, making it accessible for beginners while still being valuable for career advancement. Whether you're looking to start a cloud career, improve your current role, or simply understand modern IT infrastructure, the CLF-C02 is an excellent starting point.
In the next post, we'll dive deep into Domain 1: Cloud Concepts, exploring the specific benefits of AWS Cloud and real-world examples of how businesses leverage these advantages. Stay tuned, and feel free to ask questions about this exam outline in the comments!
Have you taken the CLF-C02 exam? What surprised you most about the content? Share your experience below!
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If you're seeking a reliable, long-term partner who values collaboration and shared growth, we'd be happy to connect and discuss how we can work together.
